Description of Invention
This research aims to develop environmentally friendly lubricants with enhanced tribological performance for demanding conditions. Traditional mineral oil-based lubricants pose issues such as toxicity, environmental impact, and low biodegradability, leading to reduced equipment lifespan and increased maintenance costs. Vegetable oil-based lubricants, particularly those enhanced with nanoparticles, offer a promising alternative. This study investigates the synergistic effects of hybrid nanoparticles and high oleic palm oil-based methyl ester (POME) to improve wear and friction reduction while maintaining sustainability.