Description of Invention
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted human resource management globally, emphasizing the critical role of employee motivation in organizational survival. This study explores key drivers of employee motivation—employee empowerment, training, leadership, and work flexibility—in private organizations during the pandemic. A survey of 130 employees from various sectors in Klang Valley revealed that only employee empowerment and training significantly impact motivation, while leadership and work flexibility do not. These findings are crucial for policymakers in private organizations, highlighting the need to focus on empowerment and training to sustain motivation during crises. Implications and future research directions are also discussed.